
There are two main types of radiator system, each with unique operating properties
and each requiring a different valve type selection. See below for a quick guide to
single and two pipe heating systems:
Single Pipe System
As the name implies, a single pipe system is a collection of radiators all connected
to a single loop of pipe work throughout the building. Each radiator has the flow
and return connected to the same pipe. Natural convection allowing heated water
to rise into the radiator, displacing cooler water back into the single pipe circuit.
Single pipe systems can suffer from certain system specific problems:
• Becauseeachradiatorinthecircuitextractsheatfromtheheatedwater,asyou
get further down the circuit the flow temperature is reduced requiring larger
radiators to be fitted towards the end of the circuit.
• Largerpipesizerequiredtofeedtheradiators.
• It isdicult tocompensatefor undersizedradiatorsbyincreasingthewater
flow.
Single pipe systems are rarely fitted from new today, however many systems
are still in operation and can be found in many industrial buildings, factories
and schools. Designed for single pipe heating systems, the RA-G single pipe
thermostatic valves have large diameter valve cones which deliver high capacity
flow and control.
Two Pipe System
In the two pipe system there are separate flow and return pipes, with some form of
bypass (preferably automatic) between the flow and the return. Because the flow
and return in these systems is separate, the temperature of the water reaching
each radiator is basically the same meaning radiator output is roughly the same
at each branch of the circuit.
• Two pipe systems benet from lower material costs due to pipe work and
radiator surface area being smaller generally than in a one pipe system.
• Samesizeradiatorscanbeusedthroughoutthesystem.
• Systembalanceisimportanttoreducenoiseandtemperaturevariationsinthe
system.
Two pipe systems can be fitted with pre-setting (RA-N) or fixed capacity (RA-FN)
valves together with a thermostatic sensor from the RA2000 range.
Single Pipe and Two Pipe Systems
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